A Voyage of Discovery, 1819
Made under the orders of the Admiralty, in, His Majesty’s Ships, Isabella and Alexander, for the purpose of exploring Baffin’s Bay and inquiring into the probability of NORTH-WEST PASSAGE.
By John Ross, K.S. Captain Royal Navy
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EXPLANATION OF SEA TERMS
USED IN ICY SEAS
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Iceberg, an insulated mountain of ice.
A Floe, a piece of ice of a considerable size, but the extent of which can be distinguished.
A Patch, a number of pieces of ice overlapping and joining each other.
A Stream, a number of pieces of ice joining each other in a ridge on any particular direction.
Loose Ice, a number of pieces near each other, but through which the ship can make way.
Sailing Ice, a number of pieces at a distance, sufficient for a ship to be able to beat a windward among it.
Brash Ice, ice in a broken state, and in such small pieces, that the ship can easily force through.
Cake Ice, ice formed in the early part of the same season.
Bay Ice, newly-formed ice, having the colour of the water.
Hummocks of Ice, humps of ice thrown up by some pressure, or force, on a field or floe.
Heavy Ice, that which has a great depth in proportion, and is not in a state of decay.
A Lane, or Vein, a narrow channel between two floes or fields.
Beset, surrounded with ice, so as to be obliged to remain immovable.
Nipt, caught and jammed between two pieces of ice.
A Tongue, a piece projecting from the part of an iceberg which is under water.
A Calf, a piece of ice which breaks from the lower part of a field or berg, and rises with violence to the surface of the water.
A Barrier, ice stretching from the land ice to the sea ice, or across a channel, so as to be impassable.
Land Ice, ice attached to the shore within which there is no channel.
Sea Ice, ice within which there is a separation from the land.
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